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The liver is a structurally intricate and functionally indispensable human organ, serving as a core hub for systemic metabolism, detoxification, protein synthesis, digestion, nutrient storage, and bile secretion. Owing to its versatile and sophisticated physiological functions, hepatic damage frequently triggers a cascade of intricate clinical complications. A spectrum of liver disorders, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, is associated with high mortality and constitutes a critical global public health challenge. Current studies exploring the pathogenic mechanisms of liver diseases, drug toxicological assessment, and therapeutic innovation predominantly depend on conventional cell and animal models. Despite their widespread application in basic hepatic research, these experimental systems have inherent deficiencies and cannot faithfully replicate the elaborate structural architectures and physiological properties of the human liver. As an innovative and powerful research platform, organoids are self-assembled constructs generated from adult stem cells, pluripotent stem cells, or tissue progenitors, which closely recapitulate the structural integrity and functional signatures of native organs. Combining unique strengths such as high-throughput screening feasibility, facile genetic modification, and superior physiological mimicry, organoid models have been extensively adopted in multiple biomedical research domains.