Cancer Immunology

Cancer immunology primarily focuses on the interactions between tumor cells and the immune system, as well as how immune cells recognize, attack, and eliminate tumor cells. Tumor cells can be recognized by the immune system through tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), tumor-specific neoantigens, and cellular stress signals, leading to the activation of immune cells including T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages.

During tumor progression, tumor cells can continuously remodel the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). They suppress anti-tumor immune responses through mechanisms such as immune checkpoint molecule expression, secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines and chemokines, and recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Therefore, cancer immunology research not only focuses on how immune cells eliminate tumors but also investigates how tumors establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment through immune evasion mechanisms.

Cancer immunology studies commonly focus on processes including tumor antigen recognition, immune cell infiltration, immune cell activation, tumor cell killing, immune suppression, and immune evasion. These mechanisms also provide the theoretical foundation for the development of cancer immunotherapies.

Common Detection Markers

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